what exactly is quantum physics?
Before we dive into the nitty-gritty of what exactly is quantum physics, let’s begin by talking about how the layperson defines quantum physics and quantum mechanics. When he/she hears the words “quantum mechanics” or “quantum physics”, a variety of words, images, and sounds likely pop up in their minds. More likely, they conjure up wormholes, black holes, nano tubes, and other concepts/ideas outside of our everyday experience.
Such is the average person’s paradigm. However, this is not what quantum mechanics is generally about. Quantum mechanics and quantum physics are essentially the study of very small objects. They cover objects that range from the nano scale (10-9) to the pico scale (10-12). As such, quantum physics covers many different areas of science.
what exactly is quantum physics?: Areas of quantum physics
source: carbon nanotubeOne area of quantum physics is computational quantum mechanics. In experimental quantum physics, scientists do experiments to verify theories. However, many desired experiments are not cost effective and/or are not feasible. One example of this is nano wires that are built in a variety of different configurations.
In labs it is sometimes inconvenient to build them. Thus, we use computers to model what happens under simulated conditions. Computational studies have become very popular and are often considered the third branch of science along experimental and theoretical science.
what exactly is quantum physics?: Quantum optics
Quantum optics is a branch of quantum physics that examines how light affects atoms and molecules. A major concept underlying the field is the wave-particle duality. In simplest terms, the wave-particle duality states that light can act both as a wave and particle. The particle form of light is called a photon. Depending on the situation, it is often beneficial to view light as either a particle or a wave. Applications include the laser, quantum cryptography (encrypting information using quantum principles), and quantum computing.
what exactly is quantum physics?: Quantum electrodynamics
This is the quantum version of classical electrodynamics. It is essentially electricity (stationary charges), magnetism (moving charges), relativity, and quantum mechanics combined together. Richard Feynman, one of the most prominent physicists of the 20th century, called it the “jewel of physics” for its accurate predictions. It is usually taken in graduate school.
what exactly is quantum physics?: CONCLUSION
I hope this brief overview of the different fields of quantum physics and quantum mechanics have given you an idea of what exactly is quantum physics and what is studied under this domain. In summary, quantum mechanics and quantum physics studies and ponders reality at the atomic and nano scale levels.